Dental implants and biological coating: the evolution of osseointegration

Abstract

Titanium plays a predominant role as the material of choice in dental and orthopedic implants. Currently, surface topography modifications and non-biological/ biological coatings have been integrated into implants to simulate the surrounding biological environment as well as depress the infection/inflammation that may occur. Until now, a variety of implant surface modifications, including physical, chemical, and biological techniques, have been applied to a wide selection of materials to reach these outcomes. Best modifications improve the interaction between implants surface and its surrounding bone tissue helping osseointegration while minimizing bacterial colonization.

This review article aims to analyze one specific type of biological implants coating, using growth factors, that can have an important impact on cells behavior both in vivo and in vitro.